In Europe in 2009, the European Medicines Agency approved gefinitib as first-line treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutation-positive NSCLC, and extended the licence of erlotinib for this treatment in 2011, both on the basis of PFS.6, 7 Additionally, multiple second-line treatment options have become available, which encourages use of intermediate endpoints in studies of NSCLC.8 This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.