Consistent with previous reports [19]–[22], B. thailandensis upregulated expression of TLR1 and TLR2 by two h post-infection, and increases in TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR5 mRNA expression were observed by eight h post-infection (Supporting information, Table S1). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is infection.