Although BDNF reductions in stroke patients and animal stroke models were correlated with functional impairments and depressive symptoms, very shortly after cerebral ischemia, BDNF expression in the contralateral and ipsilateral damaged cortex transiently increased, although in the hippocampus BDNF elevations were delayed (Madinier et al., 2013). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is Stroke.