The CXC chemokines IL-8 (15-18), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1, known as CXCL12) (19-21), GRO-α/KC (known as CXCL1) (16), and IP-10, and the CC chemokines MCP-1 (7, 9, 15, 22-25) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α/β (MIP-1α/β, known as CCL3/4) (23, 26) appear to be consistently up-regulated in various animal models of experimental MI (Table 1). The gene discussed is CXCL12; the disease is myocardial infarction.