Finally, even though it has been reported that S1P is a major chemoattractant responsible for egress of HSCs from the BM, and reported that its levels following HSCs mobilization increase in experimental animals 13, 14, in our clinical studies such drastic changes in systemic S1P levels in patients with pancreatic cancer were not observed. The gene discussed is MBTPS1; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.