INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: T1DM or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to destruction of islet beta cells in the pancreas, which results in a complete halt of insulin production [5], while T2DM, also called noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a progressive decline in insulin action (insulin resistance) in liver and peripheral tissues, accompanied by the inability of beta cells to compensate for insulin resistance (pancreatic beta cell dysfunction) leading to overt hyperglycemia [6].