CBY1 and prostate carcinoma: We also examined the mRNA levels of 4 genes located on chromosome 22: APOBEC3H, CBY1, DDX17 and JOSD1. We observed higher levels of APOBEC3H mRNA in prostate samples carrying risk alleles of the GWAS prostate cancer SNPs (Figure 2B) but the difference did not reach statistical significance (0.043 ± 0.020 N = 18 vs. 0.006 ± 0.001 N = 14, P = 0.080.