The downregulation of smo (80% flies exhibited eye tumour-like growth, n >200), ci (100%, n>200), or hh (30%–100%, n>200) in conjunction with Dl overexpression provoked a tumour phenotype similar to that of RNAi of ihog but stronger than the overexpression of mir-7 (compare Figure 1 and Figure 2 with Figure 4B–D; see also Table S2). Here, EDAR is linked to neoplasm.