The pleomorphic pathologies in LRRK2 mutation supports the notion that LRRK2 acts upstream from the pathway of other proteins implicated in neuronal death; and it is likely that genetic and environmental factors then influence the type of proteinopathy that eventually develops in the individual, whether it is α-synuclein, tau, or ubiquitin pathology (Wider et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and proteostasis deficiencies.