Anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 were also tested in primary (single-hit) Candida infection.Mice had tail vein injection of Candida followed by i.p. injections of anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody, or saline diluent at days 2, 5 and 8 following Candida.Mice treated with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody had improved survival compared to control mice (73.3% and 70.0% for anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1, respectively, versus 34.5% for controls, P <0.01)Figure 2A. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is candidiasis.