On the basis of our analysis of 384 controls and 384 glioma patients, we observed that one splice-site SNP in XRCC4 (rs1805377, IVS7-1A>G, splice-site) and one non-synonymous SNP in LIG4 (rs1805388, Ex2 +54C>T, Thr9Ile) are associated with the increased susceptibility to gliomas in a Chinese population. This evidence concerns the gene LIG4 and central nervous system cancer.