In conclusion, of the 10 potential functional polymorphisms investigated here, we provide the first evidence that the XRCC4 rs1805377 (IVS7-1A>G, splice-site) and LIG4 rs1805388 (Ex2 +54C>T, Thr9Ile) polymorphisms contribute to the risk of developing gliomas, alone or in combination. This evidence concerns the gene LIG4 and central nervous system cancer.