Besides infectious diseases, serum PTX3 levels are upregulated in different clinical vascular and metabolic conditions, such as myocardial infarction [21], atherosclerosis [22], ischemic stroke [23], acute coronary syndromes [23], [24], vasculitis [25], coronary heart disease [26], rheumatoid arthritis [27], insulin resistance [28], obesity [29] as well as preeclampsia [30]. Here, PTX3 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.