Takayuki Tokunaga et al. reported that IRF-3 expression was positive in 82% (41/50) human NSCLC tissues and 22.2% (10/45) NSCLC tissues possessed sequence variants of IRF-3 coding region with amino acid changes (S175R, A208D, and S427T) [49]. This evidence concerns the gene IRF3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.