A significant number of genes over-expressed in CML LSCs compared to their normal counterparts encoded cell surface proteins, including, IL2Rα, DPP4, PTPRD, CACNA1D, IL1RAP, SLC4A4, and KCNK5. The surface location of these candidates may render them particularly vulnerable to targeting by immune-based strategies. Here, CACNA1D is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.