HLA-B and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis: The present study has detected a trend toward association with an MHC class I allele (HLA-B*27) in patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, which presents parasite antigens for CD8+ lymphocytes T. It may thus be surmised that a role of CD8+ T lymphocytes in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis cannot be ruled out.