Both DHT and EGF function as critical factors in up-regulating PCa cell proliferation, correlating with decreased cPAcP activity, a negative growth regulator of PCa cells by functioning as an authentic PTP (Fig. 2D) [29], [44] and activated ErbB-2 tyrosine phosphorylation signaling (Fig. 2D) [28], [51]. Here, EGF is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.