At relapse, statistically significant differences by Kruskal–Wallis test were noted in the levels of IL-6 (corrp = 0.00014), CXCL8 (0.0017), IL-17A (0.010), G-CSF (0.010), CCL4 (0.010), and CXCL10 (0.00031) among patients with NMO, RRMS, PPMS and OND after correction for multiple tests by the Benjamini-Hochberg method (Fig. 1). Here, CCL4 is linked to neuromyelitis optica.