Among the cytokines/chemokines examined, only IL-6 and CXCL8 levels were higher in the relapse phase than in the remission phase in patients with NMO/NMOSD, but the differences were not statistically significant after multiple test corrections were made (uncorrp = 0.022 and 0.012, respectively). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.