Post-hoc analyses comparing cytokine levels between the present study sample and the one previously described [7] revealed a trend for a significant difference in TNF-α levels between MSA and PD patients (Mann-Whitney U = 421.0, p = .07), whereas the difference in IL-6 was non significant (Mann-Whitney U = 488.0, p = .21). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is multiple system atrophy.