Importantly, sustained activation of P2X7Rs in vivo causes lesions that are reminiscent of the major features of MS plaques, and P2X7 RNA and protein levels are elevated in normal-appearing axon tracts in MS patients, suggesting that oligodendroglial signaling through P2X7Rs is enhanced in MS, which may render this cell type more vulnerable to ATP dysregulation (Matute et al., 2007). Here, P2RX7 is linked to myeloid sarcoma.