The present study aimed to test our hypothesis by examining the expression of ATOX1 in tissue samples from patients diagnosed with NSCLC, followed by assessing the effects of the knockdown of ATOX1 by RNA interference (RNAi) on the proliferation of NSCLC cells, using NSCLC cells infected with a lentiviral vector encoding short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) specific for ATOX1. This evidence concerns the gene ATOX1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.