There are many cytokines secreted by aHSCs that are associated with tumor invasion and metastasis, ingcluding HGF, EGF, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, MMP-2, MMP-9, TGF-β, TNF-α, VEGF and Wnt families [35-37]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.