HFD-induced increase in leptin causes inflammation associated with decreased Irak3 expression in association with accelerated atherosclerosis, even in presence of high blood levels of adiponectin but decreased plaque expression of Adipoq. In summary, we showed that Irak3 as an inhibitor of NFκB and ROS production is required for the protective action of particularly the PPARγ agonist (Figure 7). This evidence concerns the gene IRAK3 and atherosclerosis.