On the other hand, there were no significant differences between serum HMGB1 levels of MPM and patients with lung cancer involving malignant pleural effusion (n=11, age: 65.6 ± 5.8, male/female: 5/6, adenocarcinoma/ squamous cell carcinoma: 8/3) (median: 7.0, interquartile range: 5.5-10.4 ng/ml) (p=0.75). Here, HMGB1 is linked to lung carcinoma.