AGER and diabetes mellitus: Elevated oxidative stress responses, inflammatory cytokines, and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-mediated damages have been observed under diabetic conditions in response to periodontal pathogens ([15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24]), illustrating that diabetes mellitus significantly increases the host hyper-inflammatory response to periodontitis [14].