The amyloid diseases include Alzheimer's disease [3–9], Parkinson's disease [10, 11], Huntington's disease [11], Prion disease [12], primary and secondary systemic amyloidosis [2], and type II diabetes [13–18] for which the responsible misfolded protein is amyloid beta (Aβ), huntingtin, α-synuclein, prion protein (PrP), immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain, serum amyloid A, and amylin, respectively. The gene discussed is IAPP; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.