SPP1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the results showed that serum uric acid levels (odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.20–1.82; P < 0.001), osteopontin (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.12–1.25; P < 0.001), osteoprotegerin (OR = 1.45, 95% CI  =  1.20–1.89; P < 0.001), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.41, 95% CI  =  1.20–1.72; P < 0.001), and total cholesterol (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.10–1.22; P < 0.001) were factors that independently associated with coronary artery calcification.