Studies in areas with high exposure to AFB1 have demonstrated that AFB1-related HCC is due to p53 gene mutation; studies from Qidong and Guanxi, China, and South Africa revealed that the mutation occurs at the codon 249 hotspot in exon 7 of the p53 gene in HCC patients (31,39,41–43). Here, TP53 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.