GNAL and Onset: Mutations in CIZ1 (DYT23, CDKN1A-interacting zinc finger protein-1), ANO3 (DYT24, Anoctamin 3, encoding a calcium-gated chloride channel highly expressed in the striatum), and GNAL (DYT25, guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha-activating activity polypeptide, olfactory type), have been identified in families with juvenile-adult-onset cervical or cranial-cervical dystonia and in a few sporadic cases with similar phenotypes (Charlesworth et al., 2012; Xiao et al., 2012; Fuchs et al., 2013).