It is therefore not surprising that pivotal proto-oncogenes (for example, RAS, PI3K and Akt) and tumor-suppressor genes (for example, PTEN, NF1 and LKB1) directly regulate the activity of the mTOR pathway, and that elevated mTOR signaling has been detected in a large proportion of human cancers [2,3]. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is neoplasm.