A number of studies have been conducted to investigate the potential associations between common polymorphisms in ESR1 gene and endometrial cancer risk, such as rs2234693 (PvuII; C>T), rs9340799 (XbaI; A>G), rs3020314 (C>T), rs1801132 (Codon 325; C>G), rs4986934 (Codon 243; C>T), VNTR (S/L), rs2234670 (STR; S/L), and rs2046210 (G>A). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and endometrial cancer.