PDYN and Hand-foot syndrome: To note however that several of the genes induced by L-DOPA and reported to be associated with LIDs, such as Pdyn (preprodynorphin) and Trh (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) show a clear tendency towards upregulation in the DOPA/HFS group (respectively 1.6±0.5 and 2.5±1.4 fold change vs 6-OHDA).