This finding is intriguing as VCP and SQSTM1 link RFP2 not only to endoplasmatic reticulum associated protein degradation (ERAD) and autophagy [70], [72], but also to regulation of TRAF6 [73], [74] that is involved in signalling pathways such as CD40/CD40L and TLR that are central to the pathogenesis of CLL. Here, VCP is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.