HbC is mainly of clinical significance when inherited in combination with HbS (sickle-haemoglobin C disease), causing chronic haemolytic anaemia and intermittent sickle cell crises, slightly less severe or frequent than in homozygous HbS patients (SS), and when co-inherited with β-thalassaemia (haemoglobin C-β thalassaemia), causing moderate haemolytic anaemia with splenomegaly3. Here, KRT88P is linked to non-autoimmune hemolytic anemia.