SERPINE1 and diabetes mellitus: Immunohistochemical staining showed a significant increase in the aortic expression of inflammatory markers, TNF-α (Figure 4(a)) and PAI-1 (Figure 4(b)), in the aortic tunica media of DM mice at 6 months of age, which was significantly progressed compared to that of DM at 3 months of age (Figure 1(e)).