Except above three markers, we also identified other 17 up-regulated proteins in ACC, most of which (such as transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase and 14-3-3 protein epsilon) have been demonstrated to be involved in cancer carcinogenesis in other cancers in previous studies [18-20], but have not been reported to be associated with ACC. This evidence concerns the gene VCP and adrenal cortex carcinoma.