Angiotensin II can contribute to renal injury through pro-inflammatory effects mediated by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, and it has been demonstrated that inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor with captopril and losartan, respectively, reduce renal inflammation and mitigate the severity of AKI in rats subjected to renal ischemia reperfusion injury [30,31]. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and acute kidney injury.