Increased CRF activity in several brain structures following chronic alcohol exposure represents an important neuroadaptive change that is thought to be key in the emergence of withdrawal-related anxiety and dysphoria, which likely are intimately tied to alcohol drinking and relapse (Becker 2009; Heilig et al. 2010; Heilig and Koob 2007; Koob and Kreek 2007). This evidence concerns the gene CRH and Anxiety.