That adjustment for baseline insulin sensitivity (derived from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) only slightly attenuated the relationship between CV risk factors and a 5-year cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes in 872 participants of the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study [32], is also in keeping with the predominant role of endothelial dysfunction with regard to the risk of developing diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.