We have previously identified novel cancer-testis antigens, including up-regulated lung cancer 10 (URLC10; also called lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K [LY6K]) [9], TTK protein kinase (TTK) [10] and the cell division cycle associated gene 1 (CDCA1) [11], that were found to be expressed at very high levels in lung cancer using the genome-wide cDNA microarray method. This evidence concerns the gene LY6K and cancer.