Manipulating G-CSF concentration in the tumor microenvironment results in increased accumulation of granulocytic MDSC and tumor growth (high G-CSF) or vice versa [150].The presence of these populations in cancer patients and animal models supports the idea that the tumor microenvironment favors their recruitment and their varied phenotype suggests that different tumors are likely to recruit different subtypes of MDSCs. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and cancer.