Given the critical role of PPARγ in controlling the activity of NF-κB, it is surprising that none of the 22 human PPARγ genetic variants identified and tested by Mwinyi et al. was associated with IBD susceptibility or disease course; in view of these results, the question still comes up, if PPARγ is indeed a true modulating risk factor for IBD in humans [189]. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.