Mechanistically, it is possible that in this context, high PIM1 levels increased the recruitment of tumor/inflammation associated macrophages, MDSCs, mast cells and neutrophils to the target tissue, which can increase locally IL6 and other cytokines (such as IL1 and TNFa) and chemokines (such as CCL2 and CXCL8). The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is neoplasm.