For most other licensed vaccines, there is only indirect evidence implicating TLR function: Hib-OMPC – TLR2 (Galdiero et al., 2004), meningococcal – TLR2 (Massari et al., 2002), pertussis – TLR4 (Higgins et al., 2003), influenza – TLR7 (Lund et al., 2004), measles – TLR2/TLR4 (Bieback et al., 2002; Hahm et al., 2007). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is measles.