The latter mutations, which were observed in five patients (that is, CRPC2-3, CRPC5, CSPC2, CSPC4), are likely somatic mutations and occurred in genes previously implicated in prostate cancer tumorigenesis, such as TP53, BRCA1, BRCA2, and MLL3 (see Additional file 1, Table S4). This evidence concerns the gene BRCA2 and Familial prostate cancer.