In this scenario the first aim of our study was to investigate the prognostic role of specific mediators (IL-10, sCD25 and IFN-γ) and of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score [18] in bacteremic and non-bacteremic SIRS, while the second aim was to assess the early diagnostic role of the above mentioned mediators. Here, IFNG is linked to systemic inflammatory response syndrome.