Another group demonstrated that TLR9 signaling by CpG-B ODNs leads to NF-kB-dependent production of autocrine IL-10, which then activates JAK/STAT pathway-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 proteins and thereby engenders an apoptotic pathway in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cells [10]. The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.