ACE and sarcoidosis: Despite its absence of functional relevance or associated phenotype, the identification of a new mutation associated with a major increase of circulating ACE is of substantial clinical importance, as it will contribute to make a clear distinction between granulomatous diseases (namely sarcoidosis) and hyper-ACE-emia due to mutations (in this particular case, due to lack of transmembrane domain), thus preventing false diagnosis [47], unnecessary work-up [54] and long-term immunosuppressive treatment [47].