PAPPA and preeclampsia: In the 1st trimester, women with low PAPP-A who had a normal pregnancy (NlPreg-LowPAPPA) had similar sFlt-1 levels to women with low PAPP-A who developed preeclampsia (PE-LowPAPPA), 4.9 ± 2.7 vs. 3.4 ± 1.8 ng/mL, respectively (Figure 1).