Indeed, selective PDE4 inhibitors have generated substantial interest as a treatment for several autoimmune conditions including ankylosing spondylitis, Alzheimer’s disease, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene PDE4A and systemic lupus erythematosus.