GLI2 and cancer: The most characteristic genes across all tissues in the list were associated with cancer; the genes in this category included Nek11, Gli2, Tmem46, Mep1b, Ccdc109b, Rab23, Patz1, and Hdac9. The second representative functional theme was related to olfactory transduction, and these genes included Olfr1181, Olfr1173, Olfr855, Olfr1056, Olfr716, and Tmem16b. To validate the microarray results quantitatively, we analyzed the mRNA expression levels of top-ranked genes by real-time PCR.